Kettering Polysomnography (PSG) Practice Test

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• What is the resistance in a circuit where the current is 5.8 amperes and the voltage is 12 volts?
• Which phase of sleep is characterized by no eye movement and minimal muscle activity?
• In polysomnography, what does the term "apnea" refer to?
• What is the ability of a differential amplifier to minimize signals similar to both inputs known as?
• Which component of the sleep study assesses muscle activity?
• What does an increased heart rate typically indicate during a sleep study?
• Which medication is known to have a sedative effect and is often used in sleep studies?
• What is the recommended minimum sampling rate for electromyography on a digital computer?
• Which of the following is indicative of good sleep hygiene practices?
• Which of the following is NOT approved by the AASM to treat sleep apnea?
• Given the specifications, what should the sensitivity be set to?
• How many stages of sleep are commonly identified in a polysomnography study?
• What does a high apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) indicate in sleep studies?
• If the distance from the Nation to the inion is 32 cm, what is the distance from the inion to Oz?
• What is the recommended decrease in SPO2 needed for an event to be scored as a central apnea?
• How can caffeine consumption affect sleep architecture evaluated during PSG?
• What is the current in a circuit with a resistance of 4.0 ohms and a voltage of 20 volts?
• When a patient inquires about who will conduct their sleep study, they expect to be informed about what?
• Which sleep disorder is characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep?
• What is a possible conclusion regarding an 80-year-old man showing signs of dementia and confusion in the early evening?
• Which solution is sporicidal in 10 hours?
• A patient has a MSLT score of 8; how should this score be interpreted?
• What does "terminal sleep disturbance" refer to in insomnia patients?
• If the T wave in an ECG is upright and similar in size to the P wave, how should this be interpreted?
• What can significant periodic limb movements during sleep indicate?
• How is Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) titration utilized in PSG?
• What is a common symptom of sleep disordered breathing during REM sleep?
• Which condition is often assessed during a polysomnography study to determine sleep architecture?
• What is the most common surgical procedure for treating obstructive sleep apnea?
• What is one of the key reasons to perform a polysomnography study?
• In a split-night study, what is the likely cause of spiked T waves on the ECG channel?
• Which condition is most likely to cause ECG artifact during a sleep study?
• The ECG tracing shows an atrial rate of 80/min and a ventricular rate of 32/min with an undetermined PR interval and a widened QRS complex. This best describes which condition?
• What is the appropriate action if signals during PSG show motion artifact?
• What is the primary purpose of a Polysomnography (PSG) study?
• According to AASM scoring guidelines, what is the minimum and maximum frequency for rhythmic movement disorder?
• What parameter is primarily evaluated by a capnometer during PSG?
• What factor is most likely to affect the accuracy of sleep studies?
• What is a common finding in a PSG report for someone with narcolepsy?
• What type of channel is primarily used to measure thoracic and abdominal effort?
• What is the distance from Fpz to F8?
• Why is patient education important prior to undergoing polysomnography?
• A patient with a nasal-oral cannula has a TeCO2 display of 3%. How would this condition best be described?
• In polysomnography, which parameter indicates autonomic nervous system activity?
• What cardiac arrhythmia requires immediate intervention?
• What is a common symptom reported during sleep history assessments?
• Why is it important to analyze snoring patterns during a PSG?
• All of the following are considered sleep disorders EXCEPT?
• What type of sleeper is demonstrated by abnormal limb movements during sleep?
• Which monitoring device is commonly used to assess oxygen saturation during sleep?
• What physiological changes are assessed during a PSG?
• What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in sleep regulation?
• During which sleep stage is the arousal threshold the highest?
• What does the term "vegetative organism" refer to?
• How is sleep efficiency defined?
• What is the most appropriate method to establish airways in a patient with a suspected neck fracture?
• High amplitude bursts of EEG activity greater than 13 Hz are described as what?
• If the voltage is 500 uV and the sensitivity is 150 uV, what would the pen deflection be?
• Which scoring rule is used to categorize alpha waves during sleep?
• Which unit is used to describe EEG sensitivity?
• What is the standard duration of a full-night polysomnography study?
• For a patient with a sleep-related breathing disorder, what is the most appropriate way to evaluate them?
• What device is commonly utilized to provide non-invasive ventilation in patients with sleep-disordered breathing?
• Which type of electrode is typically used to measure EEG activity?
• How many observed hypopneas are recommended for a pediatric patient before increasing pressure during a titration?
• What is the primary purpose of polysomnography?
• If G1 and G2 receive an input of 50 uV, what would the output signal be?
• Why is it important to monitor limb movements during sleep?
• Which sleep disorder is characterized by uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day?
• What is a common signal used to detect snoring in PSG?
• Which factor stimulates breathing in a patient with COPD?
• Which of the following best describes REM sleep?
• Which log frequency filter setting is most appropriate for EEG waveforms to return to baseline and be recorded clearly?
• Which hormone is closely associated with sleep regulation?
• Which of the following medications is known to cause respiratory depression if administered in large doses?
• What is the recommended position for the placement of the thoracic strain gauge?
• How is sleep fragmentation assessed in PSG?
• What is the function of a pulse oximeter during a sleep study?
• During a sleep study, a tech observes a patient exhibiting a series of slow, deep breaths holding each one for 60-90 seconds. This pattern can be best described as?
• Which sleep stage produces irregular sharply peaked eye movements with an initial deflection usually lasting LESS than 500 msec?
• Which of the following can occur during Stage REM EXCEPT?
• What does the term "sleep latency" refer to in polysomnography?
• What does an increased sleep latency generally indicate in a polysomnography study?
• Which of the following disorders is commonly evaluated through a sleep study?
• What should a technologist adjust to improve the appearance of distorted EEG waveforms during a sleep study?
• Which stage of sleep is primarily associated with deep sleep and restorative processes?
• Which neurotransmitter's reduced levels would decrease the amount of sleep?
• Which stage of sleep is characterized by increased heart rate and irregular breathing?
• What is a key reason for understanding sleep efficiency in sleep studies?
• Why is REM sleep significant in polysomnography?
• In which scenario would a sleep technologist be most likely to increase pressure during titration?
• Odine's curse mainly affects which of the following patients?
• Which of the following is an outcome of effective patient education for PSG?
• If the distance from Fpz to Oz is 48 cm, what is the expected distance from Pz to Oz?
• What nocturnal monitoring technique involves assessing the change in airflow with a pressure sensor placed over the nasal area?
• Which of the following is a common characteristic of REM sleep?
• What does the EEG measure during a polysomnography study?
• What is the recommended minimum required length for an arousal?
• What is the recommended compression depth for performing CPR on a child?
• What should not be included when informing a patient of his/her medical rights?
• A patient with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis is most at risk for?
• What term describes the recurring pattern of sleep cycles throughout the night?
• Why is calibrating the mechanical baseline important in PSG?
• What would a technologist expect to observe in a patient with a REM disorder during a repeat sleep study?
• What is the term for the period of increased heart rate during REM sleep?
• Which type of sleep is considered the deepest phase?
• What factor can influence the results of a polysomnography study?
• In a patient with hyperkalemia, how would the T wave on an ECG strip typically appear?
• From sleep onset to the first epoch of REM is referred to as what?
• Which of the following conditions requires a special consideration for PSG evaluation due to possible hypoventilation?
• The difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit, expressed in volts, is best described by which of the following?
• Which EEG electrode is located halfway from F8 to Fz?
• What physiological measurement does a thermistor primarily relate to?
• What is the typical scoring criteria for sleep stages in polysomnography?
• What does RIP stand for in polysomnography?
• During a PSG for a female patient with anemia, how will transcutaneous monitoring values likely compare to normal values?
• What does the EMG measure in a sleep study?
• What is the significance of the sleep study finding a "rebound effect"?
• How can a technologist evaluate the pressure delivered by a malfunctioning CPAP machine?
• What is the recommended MAXIMUM desirable sampling rate for recording oximetry?
• What can an increased number of awakenings during sleep indicate?
• What does the term "epoch" refer to in PSG scoring?
• What is the purpose of a sleep diary in the context of sleep studies?
• What best describes an obstructive apnea?
• What effect does refusing to remove fingernail polish prior to pulse oximetry have on the reading?
• During which stage of sleep is an average adult most predominantly found in the first third of the night?
• What is considered a normal respiratory rate during sleep?
• Which sleep stage is characterized by rapid eye movement and is associated with vivid dreams?
• What would increase the resolution of EEG spikes?
• What is the distance from Oz to O1 if the circumference of the patient's head is 56 cm?
• What is a common feature of obstructive sleep apnea during a sleep study?
• In the context of sleep studies, what does REM stand for?
• What is the main benefit of titration studies during polysomnography?
• What breathing pattern is described as recurrent central apneas alternating with a crescendo-decrescendo of tidal volume?
• What is the primary difference between central and obstructive apnea?
• What is the role of actigraphy in sleep studies?
• Which factor is NOT typically measured during polysomnography?
• An extreme high frequency filter setting would likely cause which of the following effects in an EEG waveform?
• What is a common clinical feature of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)?
• What type of sleep is primarily restorative and involves deep sleep stages?
• What does a PSG report typically include?
• Which sleep stage contains "Berger" waves of 8 - 13 hertz?
• What type of sleep seen in infants is very similar to adult NREM sleep?
• What is a common treatment for patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea?
• A patient who goes to bed at 3:00 AM and wakes at 2:00 PM is exhibiting which of the following conditions?
• During sleep, which wave pattern is predominant in NREM sleep?
• Which of the following is part of good sleep hygiene?
• A physician has diagnosed a patient with Wittmaach-Elbborn's syndrome. Which condition does this syndrome best describe?
• The term "Zeitgebers" refers to signals in the brain that help synchronize which of the following?
• What is the significance of sleep architecture analysis in a PSG?
• What should a technologist do if a patient with emphysema has an initial pulse oximetry reading of 80%?
• How does sleep quality typically change following caffeine withdrawal?
• What is the least invasive method applied for assessing sleep-related breathing disorders?
• Which condition is most associated with a high apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)?
• What is the main purpose of a split-night polysomnography study?
• What is a common treatment approach for patients experiencing paradoxical insomnia?
• How is obstructive sleep apnea primarily treated?
• Which of the following is a common tool used for sleep monitoring?
• Bright light therapy stimulates which component of the brain through the optic nerve?
• What does the term "hypopnea" mean in polysomnography results?
• What does a high amplitude burst in EEG usually indicate?
• How might sleep apnea affect overall health in the long term?
• What should the sleep technologist do if a 12 lead ECG has 10 electrodes placed on a patient prior to an overnight PSG?
• What is the most common sleep disorder diagnosed with polysomnography?
• What is a miscalibrated sensitivity likely to affect during a PSG?
• Sleep state misperception is also known as?
• What is the recommended low frequency filter (LFF) and high frequency filter (HFF) for an EMG channel?
• Which EEG electrode site is located half the distance from O1 to T3?
• A patient diagnosed with circadian rhythm disorder should be recommended which therapy?
• If the spacing between the two EOG channels is not equal, what should the technologist calibrate?
• What score on the Epworth sleepiness scale indicates normal sleepiness?
• What condition might be indicated if a patient experiences excessive daytime sleepiness?
• What does actigraphy primarily measure in sleep studies?
• What happens to muscle tone during REM sleep?
• Polysomnography is primarily focused on the assessment of which aspect of health?
• How does the AASM define a hypopnea event?
• In interpreting sleep study results, an epoch is generally understood as what?
• How would you calculate the input voltage with a pen deflection of 18mm and a sensitivity of 5 uV/mm?
• Which type of sleep study is most appropriate for assessing a suspected case of narcolepsy?
• What does the observation of Cheyne-Stokes breathing often indicate?
• What is the most effective method to eliminate a 60Hz artifact?
• What does a low oxygen saturation level during sleep indicate?
• How much voltage is required to move a current of 4.5 amperes through a circuit with a resistance of 4.2 ohms?
• What is the most common cause of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with Down syndrome?
• If a unit has a pen deflection of 8 mm and a sensitivity of 5 uV/mm, what is the voltage?
• What is the significance of heart rate variability in a sleep study?
• A patient with narcolepsy would benefit most from which of the following medications?
• Which of the following is true regarding sleep study environments?
• What does "EEG arousal" indicate in a sleep study?
• What is the first step a technologist should take if the ECG channel becomes a straight line during PSG?
• What is the recommended body position for patients suspected of having sleep apnea during PSG?
• What can happen if a sleep study identifies frequent awakenings?
• How does sleep deprivation affect PSG outcomes?
• What information is crucial to obtain during a patient interview before a PSG?
• What should a technologist do if instructed to use two separate ground conditions in a PSG?
• During which sleep stage does the majority of vigorous muscle activity occur?
• What defines the first epoch of any stage of sleep?
• Which element is essential for a sleep technician to ensure data accuracy during PSG?
• Which classification of sleep apnea is primarily characterized by the central nervous system's inability to signal muscles to breathe?
• Which method is considered the "gold standard" for recording respirations from thoracic and abdominal areas?
• What is the minimum peak-to-peak voltage needed to identify a K complex?
• Which respiratory parameter indicates the oxygen saturation levels during sleep?
• Which of the following is NOT typically monitored during a sleep study?
• What is a common treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)?
• How is sleep architecture defined?
• If a patient's time in bed (TIB) is 380 minutes, sleep onset latency is 30 minutes, and total wake time after sleep onset (WASO) is 34 minutes, what is the total sleep time (TST) for this patient?
• How long will acid glutaraldehyde function as a sporicidal?
• What common symptom might lead a physician to recommend a polysomnography study?
• What role does a technician play in polysomnography?
• Patient grounding can best be described as which of the following?
• Which of the following would NOT be necessary when gathering equipment for an MSLT?
• A patient had sleep onset at epoch 30 and the first stage of REM at epoch 250. How should REM latency be scored?
• Which of the following is not a component of malpractice prevention?
• In polysomnography, which of the following parameters is primarily used to assess airflow?
• What is the significance of sleep efficiency as measured in a sleep study?
• What potential side effect must be monitored in patients using CPAP?
• During a sleep study, which component should be checked first if unobtainable respiratory tracings appear using impedance plethysmography?
• Which PAP unit provides pressure relief when exhaling without causing the airways to collapse?
• What are the primary reasons for recording eye movements during a sleep study?
• What is the role of the EOG in polysomnography?
• Which of the following stages of sleep typically has the lowest arousal threshold?
• What does the term "Sleep Efficiency" refer to?
• How many years does the American Academy of Sleep Medicine grant laboratory accreditation for?
• What does a high number of apneas indicate in terms of a sleep apnea diagnosis?
• What is the primary purpose of polysomnography?
• What would be most helpful for a physician in diagnosing advanced sleep syndrome?
• Which of the following is NOT a mandatory guideline for the accreditation of a sleep lab?
• What diagnostic criteria must be met to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea?
• What is the recommended number of observed hypopnea needed in an adult patient before increasing the pressure during a titration?
• What is the minimum amount of time a patient can take to fall asleep during an MSLT?